What does the term "Building Block" refer to in enterprise architecture?

The term "Building Block" in enterprise architecture refers to a reusable component that fulfills business needs. This concept is central to the framework of TOGAF, as it emphasizes modularity and reusability in architectural design. Building blocks can represent various aspects of architecture including business processes, information systems, applications, technology, and infrastructure. By focusing on creating well-defined building blocks, organizations can efficiently construct and evolve their architecture while ensuring that individual components can be reused across different projects or areas of the enterprise. This approach not only enhances consistency and standardization but also reduces redundancy, ultimately leading to more efficient resource allocation and project delivery.

The other options do not capture the essence of what building blocks represent in the context of enterprise architecture. While a specific technology tool, formal documents, and business process models are certainly important aspects of enterprise architecture, they do not encapsulate the broader, reusable nature and functional purpose that building blocks signify.